Resilience Evaluation of Demand Response as Spinning Reserve under Cyber-Physical Threats
نویسندگان
چکیده
In the future, automated demand response mechanisms will be used as spinning reserve. Demand response in the smart grid must be resilient to cyber-physical threats. In this paper, we evaluate the resilience of demand response when used as spinning reserve in the presence of cyber-physical threats. We quantify this evaluation by correlating the stability of the system in the presence of attacks measured by system frequency (Hz) and attack level measured by the amount of load (MW) that responds to the demand response event. The results demonstrate the importance of anticipating the dependability of demand response before it can be relied upon as spinning reserve.
منابع مشابه
Solving Multiple Fuels Dynamic Environmental/Economic Dispatch Problem and Incentive Based Demand Response Considering Spinning Reserve Requirements
In this paper a new integrated model of the dynamic environmental/economic dispatch (DEED) problem and emergency demand response program (EDRP) has been presented by which their interactions are investigated. DEED schedules the online generators power output over the whole dispatch period subject to some practical constraints so that the fuel costs and emission are optimized simultaneously. EDR...
متن کاملMulti Objective Scheduling of Utility-scale Energy Storages and Demand Response Programs Portfolio for Grid Integration of Wind Power
Increasing the penetration of variable wind generation in power systems has created some new challenges in the power system operation. In such a situation, the inclusion of flexible resources which have the potential of facilitating wind power integration is necessary. Demand response (DR) programs and emerging utility-scale energy storages (ESs) are known as two powerful flexible tools that ca...
متن کاملA full demand response model in co-optimized energy and reserve market
It has been widely accepted that demand response will play an important role in reliable and economic operation of future power systems and electricity markets. Demand response can not only influence the prices in the energy market by demand shifting, but also participate in the reserve market. In this paper, we propose a full model of demand response in which demand flexibility is fully utiliz...
متن کاملFrequency Control of an Islanded Microgrid based on Intelligent Control of Demand Response using Fuzzy Logic and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm
Due to the increasing penetration of renewable energies in the power system, the frequency control problem has attracted more attention, while the traditional control methods are not capable of regulating the frequency and securing the stability of the system. In smart grids, demand response as the frequency control tool reduces the dependence on spinning reserve and high cost controllers. In a...
متن کاملTowards Resilient Cyber-Physical Energy Systems
In this paper, we develop a system-of-systems framework to address cyber-physical resilience, the ability to withstand the combined presence of both cyber attacks and physical faults. This framework incorporates a definition of resilience, a resilience metric as well as a resilient control design methodology. The resilient control architecture utilizes a hybrid optimal control methodology combi...
متن کامل